PhD Samoilenko
A.O., Lysykhin O. G.
Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National
University (Ukraine)
DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT LOGISTICS IN UKRAINE
Transport as the
leading branch of the economy ensures the functioning and development of the
economic in the country. It is the fundamental basis of their interaction
during economic development. The problems of the transport industry are
exacerbated by enterprises – the main consumers of transport services, which
are not able to provide sufficient traffic volumes, and therefore, the level of
profitability, corresponding to modern needs. The main objective of logistics
in the field of transportation is to eliminate disruptions in the case of
continuous movement of goods and vehicles from the point of departure to the
destination. Problems in transport are represented in the form of worn-out
rolling stock: its underloads, imperfections of the
cargo insurance system and vehicles and difficulties in organizing the
interaction of several modes of transport.
The theme of
transport logistics is most relevant, therefore, it is necessary to understand
the level of its development, before making plans or strategies. The data of
the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine show that the largest share in the
implementation of the transit potential of the country has water (and sea)
transportation – almost 67% and railroad – 11%. Transport logistics of Ukraine
is at the level of youth, but in the future, it has good chances to reach the
level of European countries [1].
The development of
transport logistics in Ukraine is one of the necessary conditions for further
structural reorganization of the economy in the state, increasing the
competitiveness of domestic goods and services in world markets and integrating
the country into the system of international relations, which is dynamically
developing. Great influence in the short term on the activities and development
of transport, the formation of the Ukrainian transport market has such aspects:
– Strict requirements for emissions of motor
vehicles.
– The processes of world political and economic
globalization and, correspondingly, the globalization of transport systems and
processes, the movement of goods flows between states, regions, continents.
– Wide introduction of the principles of transport
logistics, built on the achievements of information technologies and
world-class requirements, into the system of domestic transport services [2].
The development of
transport logistics in Ukraine has differences in the development of the transport
market and logistics services in the capital of Ukraine and its regions. This
is often answered by the fact that Kiev still speaks for itself, but there are
forecasts that the first capital of Ukraine will soon compete with the largest
in terms of quantity and quality of employees [3]. Nevertheless, analyzing the
activities of Ukrainian transport enterprises, it is possible to identify the
main problems that are encountered throughout the country:
– Insufficient quality of transport services.
– Wear-out of rolling stock.
– Underloading of rolling stock.
– Imperfection of the cargo and vehicle insurance
system.
– Difficulties in organizing the interaction of
several modes of transport.
– Limited access by rail roads to many localities
and to most of the final delivery points.
– Monopoly on rendering services for rail road
delivery by the state company. It is very difficult to get the appropriate
service and attitude to the client, as in any state structure [4].
– Complexity of registration and documentary support
of transportations.
To summarize, it
should be said that the need for a logistics business is proven even in a
crisis: logistics operators have learned to optimize customers work with
logistics companies. The next stage is an increase in the profitability of such
business and its emergence into a phase of active investment. For this, it is
necessary to fulfill the main tasks of transport organizations, namely:
– Reducing the cost of transportation and
improving their quality.
– Reduction of delivery terms.
– Harmonious combination in the market of
transport services of all types of modern transport, as well as their
coordination in the case of multimodal transport.
– Creation of a common information space in the
transport industry.
– It is necessary to develop documentation for
interaction with railways, including transportation of universal containers by
rail into a single information base for the movement process [5].
Therefore, the system of
transport logistics of Ukraine is at the level of "youth
development". Following certain rules, solving problems and overcoming
existing problems, transport logistics in the future can compete with European
systems.
The list of references:
1.
State Statistics Committee of Ukraine [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó : http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua
2.
Edited by Kenneth Button, University Professor,
School of Policy, Government and International Affairs, George Mason University
and Henry Vega, former Research Fellow, George Mason University, US (2012),
“The Globalization of
the World Economy series”, “Globalization and Transport”.
3.
Logistics. Ukraine. Railroad Transport [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ].
– Ðåæèì äîñòóïó : http://www.ukrlogist.com/article/vne-kategorij/1315
4.
State Monopoly Holding Back Logistics Sector [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó : https://asokoinsight.com/news/state-monopoly-holding-back-logistics-sector-private-actors-say-ethiopia
5.
Belyaev V. M. (2014), “Organization of auto
transportation and safety of transportation”, MADI.