Krasnova A.I., Shmundyr K.I.

Ukraine

GREENING THE ECONOMY AND BUSINESS

Actuality of article is explained in the fact that the modern world economy damages the environment. And today greening of the economy becomes an increasingly important issue for many countries, including Ukraine.

The practical implementation of the principles of ecology is closely related to the knowledge of natural processes and achieved technical level of production. The novelty is manifested in the equivalence of exchange between man and nature, based on the optimal organizational and technical solutions to create, for example, artificial ecosystems, the use of available natural material and technical resources. The main goals of greening of the economy is a reduction of anthropogenic load, maintaining the natural potential through self-healing and treatment of natural processes in nature, reducing losses, the complexity of extracting useful components, use of wastes as secondary resource.

What will the development of ecology-oriented business lead to? This can significantly change the environmental situation in Ukraine, improve the environment and usage of natural resources. Obviously, it is impossible to solve environmental problems and get off at a steady type of development without general improvement in economic circumstances, efficient macroeconomic policies.

The main objective of the article is to attract attention to the problem of influence of the business on the environment.

A number of economic factors operating in different areas at different levels and with different scale effects influence the degradation of environmental situation in Ukraine. Next to such factors as macroeconomic policy, which lead to extensive use of natural resources and its exporr, is such a property of modern "man-made" thinking Ukrainian structures as strategy of getting the results immediately.

Environmental consequences of such results usually occur in the future, and often these effects are negative, and general ecological and economic damages are disproportional.

It is important to reject and revise many of the stereotypes in decision-making processes. Modern traditional approaches to economic development based on the amount of used natural resources are the greater use of resources, the better for the country.

Striving to increase extraction of natural resources and enhancing their service can only accelerate the processes of environmental degradation. Does it necessary to increase the burden on the environment, knowing that much of the natural resources will be used irrationally?

One important reason for increasing the environmental capacity of economy began to exceed all acceptable standards of wear and tear. In basic industries, transportation, depreciation of equipment, including cleaning is up to 80-90%. With the continued using of such equipment the possibility of environmental disasters greatly increases.

The situation with oil industry is quite typical for technological development of economy of Ukraine, with its huge losses and mismanagement of natural resources. It means that for several years savings from accident prevention could revolutionize the fuel and energy complex of the country to significantly, reduce energy consumption throughout the economy.

Essential for the development of eco-oriented businesses is a radical change in investment policy in the direction of environmental priorities. The modern structure of state, private, foreign investment establishes the type of environmental capacity development in the future, as a significant part of investments is directed to natural exploiting complexes, primarily fuel, energy and agriculture. Thereby the growth of the business connected with greening the economy is substantially inhibited.

The result of the absence of any well-developed concept of long-term economic development of the country is a fairly chaotic distribution of capital investments, further strengthens environmental capacity type of development.

Facilitation of ecological and economic transition to the market economy is possible with the help of balanced eco-environmental reforms and creating an appropriate economic environment at the macro level. It’s necessary to distinguish two types of economic instruments and tools, depending on the extent of industry coverage:

· mechanisms and tools, operating throughout the economy, its industries and facilities;

· more specific mechanisms and tools aimed primarily at natural exploiting industry, the primary sector, as well as to regulate the environmental activities in other sectors.

For greening the economy and keeping businesses in this direction the foreign-trade policy, the entire system of tariffs, duties and other trade barriers need significant changes.

Meanwhile, a significant increase in the traditional economic indicators can hide the degradation of nature, the possibility of a sharp drop in these indicators in the case of rapid degradation of natural resources and environment.

To sum up, it's necessary to mention that stabilization of the environmental situation in Ukraine is largely dependent on the efficiency of the country's economic reforms, adequacy goals of forming stable type of Ukrainian economy development. Steps to establish effective market instruments must be taken and controled for its further development in all business sectors contributing to greening the economy which is extremely important.