Veretennikova D.A.

PASSENGER MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES OF ODESSA REGION: STRUCTURE’S PROBLEMS

A transport, including motor-transport, is the important strategic object of development of service business in Ukraine in general, and in the Odessa region in particular.

It is confirmed by data of the State committee of statistics of Ukraine about activity of enterprises of service business on by regions[1]. For seven months of 2010 the volume of realization of services on territory of Ukraine grew on 13,4 %.

On the average by one enterprise it was realized services on a 2286,6 thousand hrn. Value of this index was the greatest on the enterprises of city of Kyiv, in Odessa and Donetsk areas [1].

At the Ukrainian market of services the greatest stake is occupied by services of transport, including motor- transport. The Odessa region occupies the second place among the regions of Ukraine on development of a transport sector. It shows that the Odessa area has large strategic possibilities for further development.

As proof, we will consider basic progress of motor transport segment of market trends in the Odessa region more detailed. According to the single register of enterprises in the Odessa area from 2005 the amount of motor transport enterprises increased on the average on 8 % annually[2]. For January - October of 2010 services of passenger transport 5,7 milliards of passengers took of advantage, it is carried passengers in the volume of 109,2 ml. pas. km., that makes accordingly 92,4% and 98,2% from the volumes of January- October 2009. Services of motor transport (taking into account transportations by physical persons- by businessmen) 3,1 milliards of passengers took of advantage, that on 8,2% less than for January- October of 2009г.[2]. It was folded in it is related to that a price increase happened on a transport on the whole on 1,5%, and also with a price advance on a passenger road-transport on 4,0%.

However, if in detail to analyze activity of passenger motor transport for period from 1995 to 2009 in the Odessa region, the mentioned tendency of decline of activity is not confirmed [3].

Amount 13 years passengers transport increase, except 2009 (period of world crisis). But turnover of passengers did not go down below than index of 2007. It is possible to assert that in the Odessa region a passenger motor transport develops dynamically. This tendency was expedient to study more in detail with the purpose of further stimulation of development of both region and motor transport enterprises.

Regular passenger transportations in the Odessa area are carried out by 148 ferrymen. 72 enterprises, and also 76 sole proprietors, are included in their composition. Ferrymen carry out the activity according to agreements, celled with the organizers of transportations (by customers), on the basis of decisions of corresponding competitive committees.

The presence of production capacities and known enough trade marks creates a corresponding competitive edge already existent passenger motor transport to the enterprises (further - PMTE). However, to mark track, that an assortment which is offered by data of PMTE is quickly tired of consumers, and it one of powerful factors, which enables to the new enterprises to occupy the niche at the market of services of PMTE.

With the purpose of selection of types of PMTE, it is possible to use next criteria:

· variety of the given transport vehicles;

· rapid maintenance of consumers;

· prices (i.e. an average cost of passage is a to 30 hrn.);

· presence of additional services.

Based on these criteria it is possible to distinguish two basic types of PMTE :

1. Classic rout PMTE. Their main feature is a presence of plenty of comfort little complete busses which execute transportations en-route with periodicity on the average to 20 minutes. It should be noted that all new rout PMTE, differ in one from other the sizes of busses (т. of е. by a landings seating capacity) and comfort of transportation. This type in the Odessa region is presented: LTD. "Autotransservis", ОАО of "Pristishauto", LTD. "Express" etc.

2. Not rout PMTE. Based on maintenance of "from door to door". Their basic difference from the first kind is more wide choice of brands of passenger cars, rapid service time, higher prices on basic services, presence of controllers, as the attended links between a consumer and driver of transport vehicle, is large attention to the desires of potential consumer. To them it is possible to take the enterprises of "Marvel", V.I.P – Taxi "President", "Bastion", "Makovey" and other

One of features of market of PMTE of the Odessa region, according to data to State administration of statistics of Ukraine and Main administration of statistics in the Odessa area, there is his uneven and insufficient satiation. Except traditionally accepted and known, the new formats of PMTE develop gradually. It should be noted that most subject to the changes - not rout PMTE. For this reason further researches will touch the study of management exactly by them.

All not rout PMTE in the Odessa region it is possible to divide into subspecies’s, by means of such classification signs as:

1. Depending on the system of service. All not rout PMTE can be subdivided into:

1.1. Classic "Taxi" ("Makovey ", "Dshentelmen", "Virtuoso", "Bastion" and other). Traditional maintenance of consumers. A middle sum of passage is 25-30 hrn.

1.2. Modified "Taxi" ("Krasotka", "Nyanyataksi" and other). The sphere of maintenance of consumers is limited (for example, no less than 5 persons, limitation on the sexual sign of and other). The Middle sum of passage is 30-35 hrn.

1.3. Classic "Tourist". (LTD "Maksimov-Tur", "Marvel" and other). It unites principles of classic "Taxi" and rout PMTE, (id est passage on a tourist route with the choice of vehicle and mestome of delivery gets out a consumer), presence of tourist agents. A middle sum of passage is a to 800 hrn.

1.4. Specialized "V.I.P". ("Marvel", V.I.P – Taxi "President", "Bastion" and other). Maintenance of V.I.P. persons on exclusive cars. Middle sum of passage - from 800 hrn. and higher.

2. Depending on a territorial scope. All can not rout PMTE subdivided into:

2.1. " PMTE – CITY". Carry out transporting of passengers mainly on territory of city ("Dshentelmen ", "Krasotka" and other).

2.2. " PMTE - AREA". Carry out transporting of passengers mainly on territory of city and area ("Makovey", "Virtuoso" and other).

2.3. " PMTE – UKRAINE". Carry out transporting of passengers mainly on territory of Ukraine ("MARVELS", "Bastion" and other).

2.4. "FOREIGN COUNTRY- PMTE ". Carry out transporting of passengers mainly outside territory of Ukraine (LTD "Maksimov-Tur" and other).

3. Depending on the amount of the given services. All can not rout PMTE subdivided into:

3.1. " PMTE - CLASSIC" not rout PMTE, which consider only on the grant of traditional (classic) services - exceptionally delivery of "from door to door" ("Makovey ", " Dshentelmen ", "Virtuoso" and other).

3.2. " PMTE – TRADITION+" not rout PMTE, which give in addition to traditional services also a row of concomitant services is a grant of cold tankards, presence of the specialized bathrooms, sleeping belonging of and other.

3.3. " PMTE - COMPLEX". Not rout PMTE, which are concentrated on the complex of entertaining services are excursions, cinema, music of and other

4. Depending on an orientation. Belonging to this subspecies is carried out on the basis of prevalence those or other not rout PMTE. They can be divided into three groups: mass, limited, single. To mass it is possible to take such not rout PMTE as: classic "Taxi" and modified "Taxi", which on the whole are oriented to the mass market. Limited not rout PMTE is characterized by that aimed at segments or under the segments of mass market, id est it classic "Tourist". Single not rout PMTE can be taken to specialized " niche", id est it specialized "V.I.P".

5. Depending on the amount of transport vehicles on an enterprise. All can not rout PMTE subdivided into:

5.1. "LARGE PMTE ". Presence more than 60 transport vehicles, use of strategy of mass service (for example LTD " Maksimov-Tur ", "Virgo", "Bastion" of and other);

5.2. "MIDDLE PMTE ". A presence is from 30 to 60 transport vehicles, use of differentiated marketing (for example " Makovey ", "Krasotka" of and other) strategy;

5.3. "SMALL PMTE ". A presence is from 20 to 30 transport vehicles, use of concentrated marketing (for example "Whim", "Tornado" of and other) strategy;

5.4. "SUPERSMALL PMTE ". Presence to 20 transport vehicles, use of concentrated marketing (for example "Garage", "Autonurse" of and other) strategy.

To sum up the research results, it is possible to mark that all distinguished subspecies’s of not rout PMTE are in one or another measure widespread in the Odessa region. On the whole, authentication of not rout PMTE on the brought classification over, in combination with researches of segments of consumers, is basis for the further positioning of not rout PMTE at the market of services in Odessa and creation by them unique suggestion. In this connection, perspective of further researches is segmentation of consumers on such signs which will allow to link activity of PMTE with the necessities of clients that it will be possible to attain both economic and social effects.

Literature: 1. http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua – The official site of the State committee of statistics of Ukraine. – Express-producing № 201 from 18.09.2009 year.

2. http://www.od.ukrstat.gov.ua - The Official site of main administration of statistics in the Odessa area. – Express-producing № 219 from 17.09.2009 year.

3. http://www.od.ukrstat.gov.ua - The Official site of main administration of statistics in the Odessa area.